自动交互脚本

详情参考 expect - 自动交互脚本

登陆脚本，参数为主机和密码

#! /usr/bin/expect

set host [ lindex $argv 0 ]
set pass [ lindex $argv 1 ]
set timeout 10

spawn ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=60 root@$host
expect {
    "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
    "*password" {send "${pass}\r"}
}
interact

执行命令前设置变量

原理参考 Why is setting a variable before a command legal in bash

获取脚本所在的目录

cur_dir=$(cd `dirname ${BASH_SOURCE-$0}`; pwd)

获取发行版

get_os() {
    # Determine OS platform
    local U_NAME=$(uname | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")

    local LINUX_DIST=""
    # If Linux, try to determine specific distribution
    if [ "$U_NAME" == "linux" ]; then
        # If available, use LSB to identify distribution
        if [ -f /etc/lsb-release -o -d /etc/lsb-release.d ]; then
            LINUX_DIST=$(lsb_release -i | cut -d: -f2 | sed s/'^\s'//)

        # If system-release is available, then try to identify the name
        elif [ -f /etc/system-release ]; then
            LINUX_DIST=$(cat /etc/system-release | awk '{print $1}')

        # /etc/issue always exit (Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS, Fedora, RHEL, Arch, OpenSUSE)
        elif [ -f /etc/issue ]; then
            LINUX_DIST=$(head -n1 /etc/issue | awk '{print $1}')

        # Otherwise, use release info file
        else
            LINUX_DIST=$(ls -d /etc/[A-Za-z]*[_-][rv]e[lr]* | grep -v "lsb" | cut -d'/' -f3 | cut -d'-' -f1 | cut -d'_' -f1)
        fi
    else
        # error "this script only supports linux"
        :
    fi

    # For everything else (or if above failed), just use generic identifier
    if [ "x$LINUX_DIST" == "x" ]; then
        LINUX_DIST=${U_NAME}
    fi

    LINUX_DIST=$(echo ${LINUX_DIST} | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")

    echo ${LINUX_DIST}
}

检查网络畅通

ping

check_network_by_ping(){
    local REMOTE_SERVER_HOST=$1

    echo "Checking if ${REMOTE_SERVER_HOST} is reachable."

    if [ $(ping -c 1 ${REMOTE_SERVER_HOST} | grep "1 packets transmitted, 1 received" | wc -l) == 1 ]; then
        echo "remote host ${REMOTE_SERVER_HOST} is reachable."
    else
        echo "remote host ${REMOTE_SERVER_HOST} is not reachable via ping. maybe forbidden by firewall"
    fi
}

telnet

check_network_by_telnet(){
    local REMOTE_HOST=$1
    local REMOTE_PORT=$2

    local telnet_output_log="/tmp/telnet_output.log"
    telnet ${REMOTE_HOST} ${REMOTE_PORT} > ${telnet_output_log} 2>&1 << EOF
        quit
EOF

    local TELNET_RESULT=
    if [[ $(grep "Connected" ${telnet_output_log} | wc -l) == 1 ]]; then
            TELNET_RESULT=0
        else
            TELNET_RESULT=1
    fi

    rm -rf ${telnet_output_log}

    return ${TELNET_RESULT}
}

netcat

check_network_by_netcat(){
    local REMOTE_HOST=$1
    local REMOTE_PORT=$2

    local NETCAT_RESULT=
    echo test | nc -w 6 ${REMOTE_HOST} ${REMOTE_PORT} &> /dev/null && NETCAT_RESULT=0 || NETCAT_RESULT=1

    return ${NETCAT_RESULT}
}

软件版本比较

compare_version(){
    if [ -z "${1}" -o -z "${2}" ]; then
        echo "version can't be empty"
        exit 1
    fi

    typeset IFS='.'
    typeset -a v1=( $1 )
    typeset -a v2=( $2 )
    typeset n d


    local count=0
    if [ ${#v1[@]} -gt ${#v2[@]} ]; then
        count=${#v1[@]}
    else
        count=${#v2[@]}
    fi

    for (( n = 0; n < ${count}; n += 1 ))
    do
        d=$((v1[n]-v2[n]))
        if [[ ${d} != 0 ]] ; then
            [ ${d} -lt 0 ] && echo -1 || echo 1

            return
        fi
    done

    echo 0
}

检查通配文件

check_file_exists() {
    ! ls $1 &> /dev/null && echo "File \"${1}\" does not exist" || echo "file \"${1}\" exists"
}

check_file_wildcard() {
    [[ "$1" =~ [*?\[] ]]  && echo "FileName can't contains wildcard"
}

输出颜色文字

print_msg()
{
    if [ x${1} == x"[ERROR]" ]; then
        echo -e "\033[1;31m[$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")] $@\033[m"
    elif [ x${1} == x"[WARN]" ]; then
        echo -e "\033[1;33m[$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")] $@\033[m"
    else
        echo -e "\033[1;36m[$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")] $@\033[m"
    fi
}

error()
{
    print_msg '[ERROR]' "$@"

    exit 1
}

warn()
{
    print_msg '[WARN]' "$@"
}

info()
{
    print_msg '[INFO]' $@
}

div_line()
{
    echo
    echo -e "\033[1;35m------- (^_^) I am the dividing line (^_^) -------\033[m"
    echo
}

prompt(){
    warn $1

    ${IS_QUIET} && return

    while true
    do
        read -p "Would you like to continue anyway? (yes/no)" yn

        case $yn in
            [yY]* )
            break
            ;;
            [nN]* )
            error "abort by user because $1"
            exit 1
            ;;
            * )
            info "Please answer y[es] or n[o]"
        esac
    done
}

日常的技巧

查看文件指定行

[root@zhujipeng test]# cat -n test.sh
     1    #! /usr/bin/expect
     2
     3    set host [ lindex $argv 0 ]
     4    set pass [ lindex $argv 1 ]
     5    set timeout 10
     6
     7    spawn ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=60 root@$host
     8    expect {
     9        "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
    10        "*password" {send "${pass}\r"}
    11    }
    12    interact
[root@zhujipeng test]# sed -n '7,11p' test.sh
spawn ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=60 root@$host
expect {
    "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
    "*password" {send "${pass}\r"}
}

删除行首行尾的空格

行首空格

sed 's/^[ \t]*//g'

行末空格

sed 's/[ \t]*$//g'

所有空行

sed 's/^[[:space:]]*$//g'

列出文件的绝对路径

[root@zhujipeng test]# ls *
test.sh
[root@zhujipeng test]# ls `pwd`/*
/root/test/test.sh
[root@zhujipeng test]# ls | sed "s:^:`pwd`/:"
/root/test/test.sh

参考

expect - 自动交互脚本
Why is setting a variable before a command legal in bash
Shell Script to find the Operating System of the machine
How can I get distribution name and version number in a simple shell script
Check if a file exists with wildcard in shell script
控制echo显示字体的颜色和效果
在Linux中让echo命令显示带颜色的字
Linux shell 之 提取文件名和目录名的一些方法
在ls中列出文件的绝对路径